Our team

Brian is one of the founding Principals and serves as the President and CEO of the company, providing visionary and strategic leadership. While Brian is best known for his urban infill expertise with hundreds of projects in the cities of Seattle and Kirkland alone, he has recently shifted his focus away from project related work to company operations full-time as Blueline embarks on its latest Strategic Business Plan. Under Brian’s leadership, Blueline has consistently been named as one of the Best Places to Work in several business and industry publications.

Todd, one of the founding Principals, is known for residential, mixed use, and commercial projects across the Puget Sound area. His ability to build and maintain trusted relationships with local builders and developers, along with his experience navigating in different jurisdictions, has paved the way for our high percentage of repeat and referral clients. Todd is involved in the execution of Blueline’s career development pathway to project management, and manages the project management and planning staff.

In both work and life, Ken enjoys coaching others, building relationships, and making things happen. Ken joined Blueline in 2004 and was promoted to Principal in 2007. He leads our public works team in projects spanning a wide range of public infrastructure projects. In addition to technical project work, operational commitments include leading the company’s recruiting efforts, developing and implementing the employee onboarding program, and leading business development activities in the public sector. Whether coaching or playing soccer with his daughters, networking with colleagues, or mentoring staff at Blueline, he understands the importance of building relationships and being a good team player.

Originally from the Philadelphia area, Deanna loves all things Philly – cheesesteaks, Eagles, statues of fictional boxers, and Tastykakes. Her venture into engineering started as a reason to move to Bozeman, Montana and play in Yellowstone National Park. From there, Deanna quickly developed a strong interest in public works projects and construction management. With a husband and two young sons, Deanna won’t be tagging along with Engineers Without Borders anytime soon, but does take pride in improving the water and sanitation systems in our local Puget Sound cities.

Born and raised in Tacoma, Brett attended the University of Washington, where he received his Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering. He has over nineteen years of private-sector experience, which includes construction management and land development in addition to engineering. Brett is a natural storyteller and loves working with our young engineers, imparting his wisdom and experience from working on many different types of projects over the years, while always keeping an eye on the big picture.

Chris grew up in the Baltimore area and remembers being on his dad’s shoulders, looking over the fence to see Oriole Park at Camden Yards under construction. Since then, he’s had a fascination with the design of baseball stadiums, and this is what attracted Chris to the AEC industry. While he has yet to plan a baseball stadium, Chris enjoys working on projects that bring communities together — just like a baseball game does. In the office you’ll find Chris managing commercial development projects, and surrounded by Mariners paraphernalia. After hours, you can find Chris telling a story at one of Woodinville’s brewpubs, looking for his ball in the woods on a local golf course, or (most likely) spending time with his wife, daughter, and dog. Also, and as you might expect, if you happen to be at a Mariners game you’re likely to see Chris at the stadium.

When she was young, Kimberly was always asking why: why is the sky blue? Why do airplanes fly? In high school she finally found the answers she was looking for in her Conceptual Physics class. One day, at one of the classes, an engineering college recruiter captured Kimberly's interest in the possibility of an engineering degree. Kimberly went on to obtain her Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering from Walla Walla University, a professional engineering license, and working experience in the commercial real estate industry. She now juggles project and business development responsibilities as a Project Manager at Blueline.

Prior to joining Blueline, Paige spent twelve years working in marketing and business development roles for a variety of architecture, engineering, and consulting firms, helping to grow their marketing resources, business objectives, and reputation in their industries. Paige has been heavily involved in the commercial real estate industry from day one, and has enjoyed serving in multiple board, committee, and leadership roles in various organizations building a network of colleagues and friends that are a constant source of knowledge, advice, and mentorship. It is these relationships, along with the business strategy, that inspires and contributes to leading successful marketing strategies and guiding Blueline on a path to growth and success.

Eric has had the pleasure of planning throughout his native state of Washington. An interest in people and how they live led Eric to study Urban and Regional Planning at Eastern Washington, and Sociology and Demography at Western Washington. Eric’s background in grants management and as Principal Planner in many cities helps to define his role in leading all land use planning, permitting, and grant management activity for Blueline.

Taylor’s love for creative problem solving made civil engineering an easy choice for her. As a Seattle native, she received her Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering from Saint Martin’s University. As an Engineer at Blueline, she provides project support for both the public and the private sector, allowing her to meet a diverse set of client needs. Taylor enjoys creating useful engineering solutions and designs that are beneficial to all members of the community.

Alan is an accomplished landscape architect with over 20 years of professional experience assembling multi-discipline teams for private and public projects. He understands how people successfully experience outdoor spaces across a variety of development types including multifamily, office, and larger master planning for neighborhoods and mixed-use developments. Alan also has a strong background in the design of public spaces, parks and recreation areas, trails/walkways, and low impact development for municipalities and public agencies. His ability to effectively communicate information and concepts makes him a natural leader, leading to design solutions that meet a variety of needs both aesthetic and functional.

A transplant from South Carolina, Garrett’s decision to pursue engineering stems from playing Roller Coaster Tycoon. After realizing that the market for roller coasters was somewhat limited, he decided to focus on Civil Engineering at Clemson University. As a Project Engineer, Garrett works closely with the project team for the design and permitting of a wide range of projects. He excels at complex infill and redevelopment projects that require close attention to detail and creative solutions to design challenges. Garrett also enjoys working closely with clients to create projects that are sustainable and valuable additions to the community.

After graduating with a Master’s degree from the University of Architecture, Civil Engineering, and Geodesy in Bulgaria, Nadia worked for more than two decades as a civil engineer designing wastewater treatment plants and landfills for solid waste. She became very interested in AutoCAD and graphic design, and after moving to Seattle, started working as an AutoCAD Civil 3D Designer. Nadia was always looking for a positive place, where she could grow as a designer and a person; when she started working as an Engineering Designer for Blueline, she found an excellent working environment and a great team of people.

Originally from the Bahamas, Shantel’s love for engineering stemmed from playing with Lego blocks. After working with a local engineering firm in high school, she completed her Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering at the University of Arkansas. Shantel is currently an engineer-in-training working on land development for residential and commercial projects. The transition to Kirkland from the Bahamas was a huge adjustment—especially the lack of warm weather and beaches. Despite this, she is loving it so far.

Chase’s adoration of the built environment began at an early age when he would spend hours playing SimCity. His passion was solidified when he took a position helping to rejuvenate green spaces throughout Massachusetts after college, and subsequently moved to New York City and worked as a gardener in Central Park. A fresh graduate of the Master of Urban Planning program at the University of Washington, Chase coordinates permits and serves as a liaison between clients and local jurisdictions for Blueline. He is a jack-of-all-trades, but he excels at research tasks, technical analyses, and data representation.

After moving to Seattle in 2014, Ranjana fully intended to join a small nonprofit because of her previous experience working with a child and family organization and her aversion to working in a corporate environment. She quickly found out that everyone wanted to work for a nonprofit in the Seattle area and that she was a tiny fish in a big pond. She took a Marketing position in a Commercial Real Estate firm as a means to pay her rent and that is when she fell in love with the built environment. Great story, right? Only one problem. Ranjana knew nothing about the built environment. After moving into the AEC industry, she had no choice but to hustle - reading industry reports and picking the brains of everyone from field supervisors to account executives. She firmly believes that you will never know too much in this industry (and in life), and that you need to keep learning in order to do your job, your firm, and yourself justice. Ranjana is an active member of the Seattle Chapter of SMPS which allows her to connect with peers with various industry experience and skill-sets. She loves the all-hands-on-deck approach at Blueline and enjoys wearing many hats (accessories!) in her role.

Aaron’s interest in the construction industry began when he was a child playing with Lego blocks. He started work in civil engineering after studying Architecture at Arizona State University during the housing boom in the late 1990s, and knowing just enough to operate AutoCAD. When the housing market fell, he completed a degree in Sustainability to figure out how we can do better. He relocated to the Pacific Northwest where he currently works on large development projects and still writes programs to help designers and engineers get work done.

Lee Ann was born and raised in Oklahoma City, but when the time came to attend college she readily traded in the plains of Oklahoma for the mountains and live music of Colorado. While studying Environmental Design at the University of Colorado at Boulder, she primarily focused on architecture, but during her Human Behavior in Design and Planning class she began to understand how much the built environment affects our daily lives on a larger scale. After graduating from college, she continued her movement (and quest for beer and saltwater) westward to the University of Washington in Seattle, where she received her Master’s in Urban Planning. Lee Ann is a multi-tasker who is detail-oriented and passionate about design, allowing her to take on multiple feasibility studies across many different jurisdictions at Blueline.

Chris knew from an early age he wanted to be an architect. His inspiration was pictures of Frank Lloyd Wright buildings and homes featured in his parents’ copies of Sunset Magazine. Spending part of his youth in the Pacific Northwest and part near Chicago gave him a chance to experience the great outdoors and the sights and sounds of a big city environment. Upon beginning his architectural education at Ball State University he discovered landscape architecture, decided he was more interested in designing outdoor spaces, and changed his major, which he completed at the University of Washington. Since then he has enjoyed doing design work on the rich variety of outdoor spaces that make up our environment – places to live, work, learn, and play.

Adam was born and raised in the Pacific Northwest and is incredibly happy to have never lived anywhere else. He enjoys traveling but is always thankful to return home to the water, mountains, trees, and rain. Adam has three really amazing sons who causes him to smile every time he looks at them.

For Ruby, there really wasn’t a better option than being an engineer. She noticed this fact during her first semester in college when she was able to draw details by hand using just her imagination (without AutoCAD). Her friends called her a master of drawings. After completing her degree, Ruby worked for Tabriz Municipality as a structural project engineer and helped design the largest bus terminal in Iran. Using her artistic abilities, she also consulted on the interior design of the terminal. It was a difficult transition to come to the US and start over again, but she is surrounded with many good friends and great colleagues which makes her feel lucky and happy to be here!

Originally from Los Angeles, Michael’s love for engineering stemmed from his curiosity about the built environment at a young age. After high school, he completed his Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering at Arizona State University and is currently working on land development for residential and commercial projects at Blueline. Michael has loved the transition to the Pacific Northwest, minus the lack of sun.

TC was born and raised in Redmond, WA and holds a Bachelor’s from Eastern Washington University in Urban and Regional Planning — but his Landscape Architecture education goes all the way back to Legos, Sim City, tree forts, and even a little Bob Ross. TC is AICP certified and has worked on projects in 23 states across the country. His experience includes layouts in single- and multi-family residential, mixed use, and commercial; he specializes in site development for urban infill, redevelopment, and raw land.

Rob is a New York native, but hails from the opposite end of the state where he grew up on forty acres and (unfortunately) cheered for the Bills. Rob got his start in engineering and construction, with an opportunity to manage several construction contracts overseas before returning to Phoenix to manage commercial concrete work. Rob was drawn to the Pacific Northwest for its variety of outdoor activities, and enjoys spending time in the woods with his longtime girlfriend and two dogs. He appreciates the challenges inherent in maintaining the amazing natural resources of the region, and balancing that with the need for development.

Jeremy was born and raised in southern California and, after more than 20 years working as an engineer in the “desert”, found his way to the Pacific Northwest and discovered the beauty of the forest. He had a love for math and science in elementary school and learned about engineering and the built environment in high school. When he found out that civil engineers not only make civilization possible but have saved more lives than all the doctors on the planet, he was hooked. Jeremy has designed and managed a wide variety of public and private civil engineering projects in his career. These include private residential, commercial, and industrial developments as well as roads, bike lanes, and storm drain infrastructure on the public side.

As her name implies, Mary is from Maryland and ventured to Washington to get her degree in Civil Engineering at the University of Washington. She became an engineer so she could improve the lives of those in her community and is passionate about supporting young women who are interested in pursuing STEM education. At Blueline, Mary works primarily with the commercial group. She hopes to continue to learn from her coworkers and meet people with similar roles in the industry so she can better understand the impact a civil engineer can have in a rapidly changing world.

After high school, Yannick was faced with a decision: continue working in an outdoor shop, selling snowboards in the middle of the sweltering Arizona desert, or go to college for an engineering degree. He decided there was slightly more future in engineering, earned his diploma from Arizona State, and took his talents to the Pacific Northwest, where he’s been ever since. Yannick works with clients, agencies and staff to come up with creative and effective solutions for engineering scenarios that are almost as complex as trying to sell winter sports gear in 115-degree heat.

Blake’s interest in landscape architecture stemmed from a childhood love of art, science, and making things. Upon discovering all his interests collided in landscape architecture, he attended Washington State University (Go Cougs!), in pursuit of a Bachelor’s in Landscape Architecture and a Minor in Horticulture. After graduation, he relocated to the Seattle area to work as a landscape designer, on a range of projects from multifamily and residential to public works. Blake enjoys the opportunity to utilize his skills from varied fields, like horticulture and construction, especially when working with interdisciplinary teams to achieve creative and sustainable design solutions for the built environment.

Originally from the Bay Area, James’ passion for civil engineering began as he witnessed the construction of the new Bay Bridge. Graduating from the University of Washington with a Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering, he not only learned a lot about the civil engineering profession, but also how to work in teams to establish and meet deadlines. Throughout college, James worked for a general contractor building rowhomes in Seattle, gaining experience with what it takes to build homes in the city. Currently, he works as an Engineer, permitting and designing projects primarily in the Seattle area.

A Seattle-area native, Cela was destined to become a civil engineer, with her father and sister working in the same profession. Cela has almost twenty years of experience as a consulting civil engineer on both public works and land development projects. She first worked as a Project Engineer for Blueline in 2006 and is now embracing her role as Blueline’s Office Manager, bringing an engineer’s perspective and understanding to the position. Cela enjoys working with Blueline’s management team, and collaborating on strategies related to recruiting, employee benefits, company operations, and corporate compliance.

Hunter is a Washington State native and to say that he followed his father's footsteps into the field would be an understatement. His father worked on the construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System as a Bending Engineer before finishing out his career as the General Superintendent for Snelson Companies. After graduating from Louisiana Tech University with a Bachelor's Degree in Civil Engineering, Hunter worked in the pipeline construction industry all over the United States prior to returning to Washington State to work at Snelson Companies - the same pipeline construction company that his father retired from. As a Construction Inspector on public works projects at Blueline, Hunter enjoys working out in the field and tracking the daily progress of a project. He also enjoys the opportunity to grow his network and overall knowledge by meeting people with various industry experience.

After working as Blueline’s CAD Manager for several years, Carol relocated to California and now works remotely as a civil designer/drafter. She loves hiking, paddle-boarding and volunteering in her community.

Hailing from Alaska, the Land of the Midnight Sun, Justin is used to long, dark winters and short summers. After taking AutoCAD classes in high school and then working as a teacher’s aide in his senior year, Justin’s college advisor encouraged him pursue an Associate’s degree in Architectural & Engineering Technology. He worked for a small civil engineering firm in Alaska, and then followed his passion for music to Seattle. For the past seven years, Justin has worked as an Engineering Drafter — with occasional journeys out of the office to see the world during music tours.

Lucas arrived in Washington by way of France, Montana, and Idaho. His appreciation for engineering was rooted in middle school wood shop club, an environment that subconsciously introduced the engineering design process and trusted twelve-year-olds with welders, plasma cutters, and angle grinders. As an Engineer for Blueline, Lucas works on residential development projects compiling drainage reports and analyzing designs. When he’s not working and listening to music in the office, you can find him bobbin’ around at your local electronic dance venues.

Tom is a lifelong Pacific Northwesterner, a proud product of Tacoma, and a graduate of Gonzaga University. He has spent over 17 years designing and managing various types of commercial, education, residential, and data centers projects. For the past five years, Tom was a Project Manager for Metro Parks Tacoma, where he gained valuable experience on the client/owner side. Tom enjoys civil engineering consulting because every single project is different and there are different challenges almost daily. He believes engineering is so much more than numbers, charts, and code; it is about understanding what client needs and effectively communicating options to the client. Tom also believes that trust and communication are the foundations of a great working relationship and successful projects. Tom has two wonderful children that are the center of his life and being a dad has been the highlight of his life. When Tom isn’t spending time with his kids, he enjoys playing guitar, watching standup comedy, playing and watching sports, camping, and nervously watching every single Gonzaga Basketball game.

Lani is originally from Vietnam, but has spent most of her time here in the United States in the greater Seattle area. She has many stories she could share about leaving her home country by small boat and ultimately arriving to the US when she just thirteen years old. Her parents and many of other family members still live in Vietnam and she visit them as often as possible. Lani’s favorite parts about her role at Blueline center around the computer and the cool things that we can do with AutoCAD, InDesign, Photoshop, and SketchUp. She gets to provide a variety of supporting tasks on a wide range of both public and private projects in the greater Seattle area as well as locations in the Hawaiian Islands.

Mel is from the very small, very rural Yakima suburb of Moxee City. His youth in eastern Washington revolved around church, sports, and a seemingly never-ending schedule of social gatherings with his very large family. This upbringing provided a strong work ethic, a family focus, and a deep appreciation for the world’s beauty. Once he discovered there was a profession called “Landscape Architecture,” and that the program at WSU was well-known and respected, it was a no-brainer for him to pursue this as his life’s work. Mel was partner and principal Landscape Architect for a successful multi-discipline design firm for twenty-five years followed by seven years as owner of his own landscape architecture practice - The LA Studio, LLC. The 2018 merger with Blueline affords a more wide-ranging approach to design along with expanded production capabilities. Outside of work, Mel cherishes his time with his wife, two sons, and two granddaughters.

Brett’s interest in engineering as a profession began in middle school where he excelled in mathematics, but his passion for the physical and naturally built environment started as a child when he took long road trips with his family across the Western United States. Throughout college, before graduating from Walla Walla University with a Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering, he worked as a granite countertop fabricator/installer to help cover expenses while attending school. Brett started his career in operations management for a concrete manufacturing company, Quikrete, where he was relocated to Southern California before transitioning to civil engineering consulting in 2017. He is currently an Engineer/Construction Inspector on Public Works projects out of Blueline’s Mill Creek office. Happy to be back in Washington and closer to family, Brett is enjoying all that the Pacific Northwest has to offer.

Michelle’s decision to pursue a career in civil engineering stemmed from joining a “Plan a City” design contest in elementary school. She excels at facilitating coordination efforts between the design team and reviewing agencies to streamline the permitting process. Michelle knows that every project carries its own challenges and is committed to providing the engineering services that will provide solution to ensure client satisfaction.

Daniel’s passion for the outdoors began early while on family camping and hiking trips in Colorado. Unsure how to make a career of hiking, he went to Kansas State University and discovered the field of landscape architecture. As a Landscape Architect, Daniel strives to design outdoor spaces that encourage users to engage with nature and community. He excels at applying his understanding of construction processes to envision creative approaches that use project constraints as assets to enhance the character of the space.

When Jon arrived at Washington State for freshman classes, he was notified that his major, Forestry and Wildlife Management, had been canceled, and he would have to choose a new one. He joined the nearest orientation tour, which happened to be for the Civil Engineering program, and his career path was set. A native of Palo Alto, he worked on the new Google, Intuit and Facebook corporate campuses, as well as Salesforce Tower, and it was during this time that he gained an appreciation and passion for all of the work that goes into large commercial projects. As part of the commercial team at Blueline, Jon brings innovative designs and a wide knowledge base to projects ranging from multi-family residential, to retail/commercial and large industrial spaces, across King and Snohomish Counties.

Originally from Missouri, Jake studied Law, Economics, and Public Policy at the University of Washington, and has also worked in the healthcare industry. Jake has many skills he brings to Blueline such as problem solving, process efficiency, and research.

Hailing from Germany, Kai got his start in engineering constructing Rube Goldberg machines. After spending two years teaching English in China, he obtained his Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering from the University of Washington. Kai is now an Engineer performing construction inspection services and designing public works projects. He takes pride in partnering with local government agencies to deliver projects that serve the public and build positive communities.  

Shawn is a bit of an enigma. He is a big proponent of electric cars, hates traffic, and has traveled extensively while in the Navy. He is also very creative. He created the super (paper) airplane that won his team first place in the 2018 Blueline Paper Airplane Competition.

Raylee’s passion for design comes from her fascination with both the arts and the sciences from an early age. To design well for a wide range of project types, she believes that one must stay curious and be open to adapting their knowledge base. Raylee loves designing spaces that capture the spirit of a place and connects people with their environment and to each other, as well as provide opportunities to be active outdoors. She is a trail design specialist and has experience with parks, complete streets, hospitality, mixed-use neighborhoods, and transit-oriented developments from the US to Dubai and Malaysia.

Nick’s love of outdoor space stems from growing up on three-hundred and fifty acres of forest and beach. His father was a contractor, and Nick was always happy to help lend a hand in remodeling projects. His natural curiosity about how things work drove him to earn his Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering from Walla Walla University, and his love of biking, hiking, and other outdoor activities led him to the Pacific Northwest.

A self-proclaimed geek and lover of all things Star Trek, Lee loves the problem-solving and technical aspects of engineering design. His creative, technical skills, and speed are all assets he brings to each engineering project he works on. Lee feels most rewarded by seeing families move into and enjoy the new communities he helped design.

A transplant from New Mexico, Dominque’s decision to work in the engineering field came from his love of drawing as a young kid. He landed his first career job at a civil engineering firm, working directly with the Owner/Engineer. As Design Manager at Blueline, Dominque oversees the design team, helping them develop their skills at a much faster pace than at traditional companies. He excels at complex infill and redevelopment projects, along with Residential and Public Works projects, all requiring close attention to detail and creative solutions to design challenges.

A native of the Puget Sound area, Allen discovered at some point that he could take his love of playing in the dirt as a kid and turn it into a rewarding career in Civil Engineering. He has always had a strong interest in problem solving and mathematics, and enjoys outdoor activities like golf, softball and more golf.

Born and raised in Seattle, Alex’s first experience with civil engineering was playing in the stream at Golden Gardens Beach as a child. Little did he know that, one day, he would make his living taking photos in streams just like that one for drainage reports. Alex obtained his Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering from Washington State University, where he was a member of the rowing team. At Blueline, Alex works mainly with the commercial team, designing drainage infrastructure.    

Chris was born on the San Juan Islands and grew up in Seattle. A self-described nerdy love of math and enjoyment of problem solving led him to pursue a career in engineering with Blueline — despite the fact that he initially hoped for an architecture position. He DJs in his free time, and bought his first turntables at the age of 14.

Lyndsey found Blueline on Craigslist and was hired based on the t-shirt she chose for her Facebook profile photo. The t-shirt simply stated "In dog beers, I only had one". Not your average hiring experience for not your average company. At the time, she was working in the Philly area, but was born and raised in the great state of NJ. Her worlds collided when she saw Bruce Springsteen at Key Arena.  

Grace had always known she wanted to be an engineer, but picked civil after she discovered environmental required too much chemistry. After an extended “study abroad” at McGill University, she finished her degree at Arizona’s least known school, Northern Arizona University. At Blueline, Grace works on public works projects, helping in both design and construction.

Born in Iran, Alireza moved to the US in 2017 to continue his career as a civil engineer abroad. He has a strong background in transportation infrastructure projects and seeks to use his knowledge and experience in his current position as a public works civil engineer. Alireza enjoys learning new things and loves to work on a variety of projects to gain a better understanding of the industry. With its open-to-ideas managers, he thinks Blueline is the ideal place he’s been looking for.

A-P Hurd is the president of SkipStone, a consulting firm that provides services to private and public clients. For the past 10 years, she has been a Runstad Fellow in the College of Built Environments at the University of Washington, where she has taught a course on land economics and public policy. A-P is on the Board of the Seattle Chamber and the Downtown Seattle Association. She is also on the board of CityBldr, a tech company that uses big data to unlock opportunities for housing development. A-P has worked on numerous urban policy initiatives at the state and local level and has received several awards for her work including the Better Bricks Advocate award and the Puget Sound Business Journal’s “40 under 40” award and the “Biznow Power 60” award.

Michael Crill founded and managed Atlas Accelerator, the nation’s largest venture accelerator, and has contributed to companies that have created over $1 billion in wealth for entrepreneurs. He now serves as an outside director for tech companies. His prior work history includes assignments as a controller and plant manager with AlliedSignal, where he was one of the first Master Black Belts (an internal consultant using quantitative methods); an operations analyst with Data General; and as a cost accounting consultant. He retired as a captain from the US Army's 82nd Airborne division. He is a graduate of airborne, ranger, and cold weather warfare schools. Michael is a regular speaker to angel groups, university classes, entrepreneur groups, and law firms on a broad range of topics related to startups. He graduated at the top of his class with an MBA from Duke University and holds a BS from Syracuse University, magna cum laude, with majors in Finance, Personnel and Industrial Relations, and Managerial Law.